Simulation materials are on Model Diplomacy website. https://modeldiplomacy.cfr.org/#/case-materials/20…make sure your policy memo is in the correct format (format is worth 5 points – see Model Diplomacy site for model of a policy brief of below.

THE ISSUE: (FROM MODEL DIPLOMACY WEBSITE) Tensions between China and Japan have erupted in the East China SeaLinks to an external site.(ECS) over five small, uninhabited islands referred to by Japanese as the Senkaku Islands and by Chinese as the Diaoyu Islands. These islands have been the subject of competing claims of sovereignty Links to an external site. by Japan, China, and Taiwan Links to an external site. for decades. However, for the past several years, Japanese and Chinese maritime and air forces have come in frequent contact as Beijing and Tokyo seek to demonstrate their control over the islands. In contrast, Taiwan negotiated a fisheries agreement Links to an external site.with Japan that was signed in 2015 and has proposed Links to an external site.an East China Sea Peace Initiative Links to an external site. to resolve regional differences.

Domestic opinion in China and Japan remains sensitive to the issue of the islands’ sovereignty, and—given that militaries are increasingly in contact in the waters of the East China Sea and the airspace above it—the risk of a miscalculation or accident has risen. The concern is that this dispute could lead to an armed clash between Asia’s two largest powers.

The United States needs to assess ways in which this dispute might affect its national security interests. Of particular relevance is the question of how U.S. alliesLinks to an external site., as well as governments and nonstate actors that want to do the United States harm, would perceive various U.S. responses to the crisis. The long-standing U.S. policy of neutralityLinks to an external site. on the islands’ sovereignty and the price the United States would be willing to pay to fulfill its treaty commitment to Japan’s defense should be examined in light of recent events. Such an examination is particularly important given the potential effects that a change in U.S. policy or a U.S. intervention might have on other pressing interests that require the cooperation of China or Japan. These interests include nuclear nonproliferation, global economic growth, measures to combat climate change, and the safety of Americans abroad.

Decision Point: Japanese and Chinese aircraft have exchanged fire over the East China Sea. At least one aircraft seems to be disabled. The interaction took place in China’s newly declared Air Defense Identification ZoneLinks to an external site. (ADIZ), into which Beijing had demanded all aircraft give it prior notification of entry. Japan, too, has an ADIZ, and both of these air defense zones include the disputed islands. Japan does not recognize China’s ADIZ, and continues to send civilian and military aircraft into the ECS airspace, claiming it is acting legitimately under international law. In response to the exchange of fire, Japan and China have each begun preparations for a search and rescue mission, and additional naval vessels are being sent to the area where the aircraft were last observed. Japan’s parliament has convened a special session, and calls for U.S. action are being reported in the Japanese media. Japan’s prime minister has asked for a telephone conversation with the U.S. president. The U.S. government has convened a National Security Council meeting to consider any action it should take to ease tensions in the East China Sea and to evaluate its long-term policy in the region.

please follow the sample. my role is the U.S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations

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