Question 1

 

 

 

Why did Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx believe capitalism should be eliminated?

 

 

 

•  Question 2

 

 

 

 

 

Why were Timothy O’Sullivan’s and Alexander Gardener’s photographs of the Gettysburg battlefield so disturbing?

 

 

 

•  Question 3

 

 

 

 

 

In Katsushika Hokusai’s The Great Wave, what does the distant Mount Fuji represent?

 

 

 

•  Question 4

 

 

 

 

 

How did the East India Company recoup the money it spent buying Chinese products for import?

 

 

 

•  Question 5

 

 

 

 

 

By how much did Haussmann’s plan increase land dedicated to public parks in Paris?

 

 

 

•  Question 6

 

 

 

 

 

Why did the Parisian workers revolt in June 1848?

 

 

 

•  Question 7

 

 

 

 

 

Why did the United States outlaw Chinese immigration in 1882 with the Chinese Exclusion Act?

 

 

 

•  Question 8

 

 

 

 

 

On what values was nationalism based?

 

 

 

•  Question 9

 

 

 

 

 

Why did Haussmann’s redesign cause the working class to move outside the city?

 

 

 

•  Question 10

 

 

 

 

 

Why did the Japanese nishiki-e calendar painters have to disguise the symbols for months in their works?

 

 

 

•  Question 11

 

 

 

 

 

Why did Charles Baudelaire speak so disparagingly of George Sand?

 

 

 

•  Question 12

 

 

 

 

 

Why in part did Manet’s Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe (Luncheon on the Grass) disturb its viewers?

 

 

 

•  Question 13

 

 

 

 

 

In Rigoletto, how does Giuseppe Verdi show his characters’ contrasting emotions?

 

 

 

•  Question 14

 

 

 

 

 

Why did the Jockey Club demand that French opera have a second-act ballet?

 

 

 

•  Question 15

 

 

 

 

 

Why did Wagner design the orchestra to be underneath the stage of the Bayreuth Festspielhaus?

 

 

 

•  Question 16

 

 

 

 

 

How did Verdi have to change his operas so they would be produced in Paris?

 

 

 

•  Question 17

 

 

 

 

 

Who is the first person to call himself an “anarchist”?

 

 

 

•  Question 18

 

 

 

 

 

For what was Charles Baudelaire’s poetry criticized?

 

 

 

•  Question 19

 

 

 

 

 

How did George Sand challenge sexual stereotypes?

 

 

 

•  Question 20

 

 

 

 

 

What does the black cat at the end of Olympia’s bed symbolize?

 

 

 

•  Question 21

 

 

 

 

 

Why was Degas attracted to the soft effects of pastel chalks?

 

 

 

•  Question 22

 

 

 

 

 

Why did nineteenth-century Russian collectors favor French and German works over Russian art?

 

 

 

•  Question 23

 

 

 

 

 

Why are the young girls in Degas’s Dance Class in a moment of great stress?

 

 

 

•  Question 24

 

 

 

 

 

How did William Morris and Company discriminate against women?

 

 

 

•  Question 25

 

 

 

 

 

How did Tchaikovsky raise ballet music to a new level?

 

 

 

•  Question 26

 

 

 

 

 

Why did the 13 Russian artists known as the Travelers show their paintings across the country instead of in an urban gallery?

 

 

 

•  Question 27

 

 

 

 

 

As stated in the chapter’s “Continuity and Change” section, why were nineteenth-century Americans so attracted to French culture?

 

 

 

•  Question 28

 

 

 

 

 

Why did Camille Pissaro paint Red Roofs with the complementary colors red and green and orange and blue set side by side?

 

 

 

•  Question 29

 

 

 

 

 

Why can Renoir’s Luncheon of the Boating Party be viewed as a response to Émile Zola’s challenge for the Impressionists to create more complex paintings?

 

 

 

•  Question 30

 

 

 

 

 

In Berthe Morisot’s Summer’s Day, why is one woman’s dress with zigzags while the other is a patchwork of straight strokes?

 

 

 

•  Question 31

 

 

 

 

 

How did Jane McCrea become a symbol of Native American and white relations?

 

 

 

•  Question 32

 

 

 

 

 

According to architect Louis H. Sullivan, what determined a building’s identity?

 

 

 

•  Question 33

 

 

 

 

 

Why did suffragette Lillie Devereux Blake declare the Statue of Liberty to be an oxymoron?

 

 

 

•  Question 34

 

 

 

 

 

Why was ragtime music poorly received by many Americans?

 

 

 

•  Question 35

 

 

 

 

 

Why did the Lakota and the Kiowa tribes keep a “winter count”?

 

 

 

•  Question 36

 

 

 

 

 

Why did John Ruskin criticize James Whistler’s Impressionistic Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket?

 

 

 

•  Question 37

 

 

 

 

 

Which earlier artist seems to have influenced Eakins in The Gross Clinic and The Agnew Clinic?

 

 

 

•  Question 38

 

 

 

 

 

In The Life Line, how does Winslow Homer present the female?

 

 

 

•  Question 39

 

 

 

 

 

What was the title of the preparatory sketch for George Bellows’ Cliff Dwellers?

 

 

 

•  Question 40

 

Why did the U.S. Congress select Chicago to host the 1893 Columbian Exposition?

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