MLA format, minimum 1300 words.

Purposes:

To develop your understanding of rhetoric by investigating how a writer constructed a professional document or text in your major field

To practice analytical thinking and clear writing

Step 1: Select a document to analyze

Choose a piece of writing that was written by a professional in your major or a field that is closely related to your major. The text should be at least 3 pages long so that you will have enough material to analyze and write about.

These writings may include, but are not limited to:

• Academic and trade publications (journals, newsletters, articles)
• Company web sites (Internet and Intranet)
• Professional society web sites (e.g., Federal or State Bar Association, the National Association of State Foresters, Society for Technical Communication, etc.)
• Internal correspondence (the audience is within the same company or organization as the writer), for example: memos, policy & procedure documents, reports such as audit reports, project status reports, proposals, lab reports, etc.
• External correspondence (the audience is outside the same company or organization as the writer), for example: letters or reports to customers or vendors, sales or marketing materials, external blogs, newsletters, etc.

Note: There are many sample documents available on the web. Use a Google search to find these in your discipline. You can also ask people you know who are working in your major field for a document they may have written. Ask your professors in your major courses for suggestions as well.

Step 2: Analyze the paper you selected

As a preliminary step, before you actually write the first draft of your paper, try to answer the following questions about the document you are analyzing:

What do you think was the author’s purpose in producing this writing?

Who was the intended audience?

What genre does it represent?

What style and tone did the author use? (formal, informal)

What rhetorical appeals did the writer use? (ethos, pathos, and logos—these terms will be explained in class)

What strategies were used to develop ideas? (description, narration, process analysis, compare and contrast, cause and effect, etc.)

How is the text organized, and why do you think the author chose this particular organizational pattern? Is there a particular format that is used?

Why do you think the author included or omitted particular information?

What kinds of evidence did the author include to support his/her point of view, and how was that evidence used?

Step 3: Decide which rhetorical appeals and strategies you will focus on in your paper. A writer might use many appeals and strategies, but some are more important than others in achieving the writer’s purpose. So you need to be selective; choose those that you think are the most important (or most interesting) and write about them in your body paragraphs.

SUGGESTED ORGANIZATION

Introduction

Write an introductory paragraph with several sentences that do the following:

Discuss in general how/why writers use rhetorical writing to achieve their purpose.

Introduce the paper you plan to analyze. Identify the author and describe the circumstances under which the paper was written. (You may have to guess based on the content and purpose.) Give the full title of the paper, when it was written and who was the intended audience. Describe what you think was the writer’s purpose: What did he/she want to achieve? What do you think the author wanted the reader to think or do after reading this paper?

Identify the rhetorical appeals and strategies used by the author, and identify those that you plan to discuss in your analysis (preview statement). Note that you do not have to discuss in depth all of the strategies the author uses.

Analysis

Each paragraph in the body should have its own topic sentence and a unified focus. For this analysis, you could write one paragraph on each of the rhetorical appeals/strategies you mentioned in the introduction. In each of these body paragraphs, it is useful to:

Define the rhetorical appeal/strategy you are going to write about (you may quote or paraphrase from your course readings)

Quote or paraphrase 2-3 examples from the paper that illustrate the use of that appeal/strategy

Explain how or why the example illustrates the appeal/strategy and how the appeal/strategy contributed to author’s purpose

Conclusion

The purpose of the conclusion is to (a) summarize briefly the main points of your analysis and (b) explain the significance of your analysis by considering the following questions:

What conclusions can you draw about the role in general of rhetorical appeals and strategies in pro­ducing clear communication through writing?

Was the author successful in using the various rhetorical appeals and strategies for the intended audience and purpose? Give examples.

What changes might you recommend to the author to better achieve his/her purpose?

And attached is the article to analyze

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