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Week 6 Four Language & Brain Topics (Select two of four)

This conference has four main topics on Language and you are required to respond to two out of the below four (Split Brain and Consciousness, Language and Consciousness (Helen Keller), Language and Brain Development (Children), Lateralization and Sports). Your response should be all in one posting with two separate paragraphs, one paragraph for each topic. Indicate the topic at the top of your paragraph and then your response. You should read the topics that you do not post on since all are required material in our course.

Includes assessment.

First topic–Split Brain

Many present evidence for cerebral dominance and for localization of language functions. Some talk about extreme localization that treated the cerebral cortex as a mosaic of different functions and others talk about interdependence among brain areas.

Observe a split brain patient in this YouTube video at (). To learn about split brain experiments, also visit the site, http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/split.htmland scroll down to “Split Brain Experiments.” For more direct experience with split brains, you also might play the Split Brain Experiments at the Nobel Prize website. http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/s…

For this Conference, consider the following: If a person with a split brain preparation was exposed to a coffee mug in their left visual field and then asked to identify the object, they would reply that they had not seen an object. However, if allowed to select the object they had just seen from a group of objects, they would accurately choose the coffee mug.

Discuss and explain the neurological basis for this. What do split brain studies teach us about consciousness?

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Second topic–Consciousness

Language is considered the vehicle by which we structure our experience and express our thoughts. Therefore, consciousness depends largely on language.

For this Conference, respond to the following questions: (a) Are humans without language conscious; do they have thoughts? (b) Do babies have thoughts or are they conscious before the acquisition of language? (c) Was Helen Keller conscious or did she have thoughts before the acquisition of sign language? To answer these questions, you should think about what consciousness is–do people have control over the information stored in their consciousness? how is consciousness different from attention?

______________________________

Third topic–Bilingual

Children are often able to learn several languages apparently without effort, while most adults must struggle to learn a second language.

From what you know about brain development (consult textbook as well as other sources), why would this be true? You might react with your own experiences, or those of others and try to support your reactions with research knowledge and what we have learned about the brain.

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Fourth Topic–Left-Handed in Sports

It has been observed that left-handers have an advantage in some opposition sports (e.g., tennis, table-tennis, fencing, squash) which require rapid reactions and good spatial judgments. Many reasons have been suggested to explain this advantage of sporting lefties and one in particular involves the way in which the brain is wired. In this question, you should borrow upon your knowledge of brain lateralization and the way in which functions are distributed on different sides of the brain to try to explain this advantage of sporting lefties. When we speak of brain lateralization, we are referring to the functional specialization of the brain, with some skills, as language, occurring primarily in the left hemisphere and others, as the perception of visual and spatial relationships, occurring primarily in the right hemisphere.

Provide a reason why left-handers may have an advantage in some sports. If you can not offer a definite answer to the question right away, start discussing the issue of brain lateralization and hopefully as we get more postings, we can come to an answer to the question.

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