Question 1 (1 point)

Sequence the needs in Maslow’s hierarchy of basic motives from the lowest to the highest:

Question 1 options:

	attachment, self-actualization, esteem, safety, biological
	biological, attachment, safety, self-actualization, esteem
	biological, safety, attachment, esteem, self-actualization
	self-actualization, biological, attachment, safety, esteem

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Question 2 (1 point)

According to Fritz Heider, behavioral outcomes can be attributed to two types of forces,

Question 2 options:

	romantic or mercenary.
	behavioral or physiological.
	dispositional or situational.
	attentional or retentional.

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Question 3 (1 point)

William James emphasized the importance of instincts as motivational constructs for human behavior.

Question 3 options:

	True
	False

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Question 4 (1 point)

Alfred Kinsey is best known in the history of sexual research for his

Question 4 options:

	large-scale interviews of Americans about their sexual behavior.
	recordings of human sexual intercourse under laboratory conditions.
	development of an evolutionary theory of human sexuality.
	controversial theories of erotic attraction.

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Question 5 (1 point)

On the basis of research with twins, it seems clear that homosexuality and heterosexuality are determined by personal and social environments, and are uninfluenced by biological forces.

Question 5 options:

	False
	True

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Question 6 (1 point)

When something bad happens, an individual with a pessimistic attributional style will attribute it to a cause that is unstable and specific.

Question 6 options:

	True
	False

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Question 7 (1 point)

Expectancy, instrumentality, and valence are the three components of the expectancy theory of work motivation.

Question 7 options:

	False
	True

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Question 8 (1 point)

A student believes that her inability to make the cheerleading team is due to a coach who is biased. According to Fritz Heider, she will probably

Question 8 options:

	try even harder next time she tries out for the team.
	give up trying to make the cheerleading team.
	make an attribution to dispositional forces next time.
	not be affected by this experience.

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Question 9 (1 point)

To determine who is overweight and who is obese, researchers use a measure called the

Question 9 options:

	body fat index.
	body mass index.
	overweight/underweight scale.
	obesity index.

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Question 10 (1 point)

Sex researchers William Masters and Virginia Johnson found that, although the sequence of phases of the sexual response cycle is similar for men and women, men are more variable, tending to respond more slowly but often remaining aroused longer than women.

Question 10 options:

	True
	False

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Question 11 (1 point)

A review of 515 studies on the contact hypothesis strongly supported the conclusion that contact with out-group members

Question 11 options:

	lowers prejudice.
	increases stereotyping and discriminatory practices.
	results in violent activities.
	increases prejudice.

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Question 12 (1 point)

Research on love has found that

Question 12 options:

	you cannot like someone whom you do not love.
	in most cases, people initially like the people they end up loving.
	people initially do not like those they end up loving.
	the concept of love is one-dimensional.

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Question 13 (1 point)

When you evaluate the group you belong to as better than others, you are demonstrating what is called an in-group bias.

Question 13 options:

	False
	True

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Question 14 (1 point)

When people say “no” to a large request, they will often say “yes” to a smaller request.

Question 14 options:

	False
	True

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Question 15 (1 point)

The classic “Robbers Cave” experiment of Muzafer Sherif and his colleagues supported the idea that simple contact between hostile groups alone will reduce prejudice.

Question 15 options:

	False
	True

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Question 16 (1 point)

In an investigation of the relationship between the unemployment rates and aggression rates in San Francisco, researchers found all of the following EXCEPT that

Question 16 options:

	when unemployment was too high, the level of violence fell again.
	under all circumstances, the higher the unemployment, the higher the level of violence.
	fears of losing their own jobs may have led some people to inhibit frustration-driven violence.
	violence increased as unemployment increased, but only up to a certain point.

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Question 17 (1 point)

One day, your grandfather notices that you are reading about Solomon Asch’s study of conformity and tells you that he was a participant in the original study. When you ask him how he behaved, he tells you that, like most of the others, he

Question 17 options:

	conformed some of the time.
	immediately realized that the other “participants” were actually confederates.
	did not conform to the group pressure.
	conformed all of the time.

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Question 18 (1 point)

Three businessmen are afraid of flying on commercial airlines. The first businessman has read accounts of airplane crashes, the second has heard stories of crashes, and the third has experienced a near-fatal accident on a flight. With respect to the accessibility of their fears of flying

Question 18 options:

	the businessman who read about airplane crashes will have a more accessible attitude.
	the businessman who experienced a near-fatal accident will have a more accessible attitude.
	the businessman who heard about airplane crashes will have a more accessible attitude.
	they will have equal degrees of accessibility.

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Question 19 (1 point)

Despite its importance in the area of child development, the concept of adult attachment style has not shown itself to be especially valuable as a predictor of adult relationships.

Question 19 options:

	False
	True

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Question 20 (1 point)

A sign in a restaurant says, “Turn Off All Cell Phones.” This is an example of an implicit rule.

Question 20 options:

	True
	False

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Question 21 (1 point)

A student reported an incident in a library in which he repeatedly asked two women who were having a conversation to quiet down. When they seemed to intentionally start speaking more loudly, he threatened them. In the context of aggression, the women’s behavior is most directly an example of

Question 21 options:

	escalation.
	instrumental aggression.
	altruism.
	direct provocation.

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Question 22 (1 point)

In a study that is described in the textbook, seminarians who were going to deliver a lecture on the parable of the Good Samaritan were made to come across a man who was in obvious need of assistance. Seminarians who were most likely to help were those who

Question 22 options:

	had once been victims themselves.
	saw that others were also available to help the victim.
	were not in a hurry or under time pressure.
	did so because they thought that others would imitate their kindness.

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Question 23 (1 point)

An implication one can derive from cross-cultural research on the fundamental attribution error is that

Question 23 options:

	dispositional biases are inborn.
	situational biases are inborn.
	children respond with a situational bias, which becomes dispositional in adulthood.
	dispositional and situational biases are culturally shaped.

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Question 24 (1 point)

The participants who acted as guards in the Stanford Prison Experiment

Question 24 options:

	behaved aggressively and even sadistically toward the prisoners.
	developed stress-related symptoms, such as psychosomatic rashes.
	showed negative after effects that lasted for years.
	identified with the prisoners and acted in a similar manner.

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Question 25 (1 point)

A stereotype is a generalization about a group of people in which the same characteristics are assigned to all members of a group.

Question 25 options:

	False
	True

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