1. List the two domains that contain prokaryotic cells. (2 points)
2. List two beneficial uses of bacteria. (2 points)
3. List two human diseases caused by bacteria. (2 points)
4. What is the purpose of fixing the smear? (4 points)
5. Describe the two methods of fixing a smear. (4 points)
6. Describe an advantage of viewing an unstained specimen. (4 points)
7. List three stains that are used in simple staining procedures. (6 points)
8. When are negative stains used? (4 points)
9. How many stains are used in differential staining procedures? (5 points)
10. Your laboratory partner accidentally used distilled water to decolorize your specimen instead of alcohol during the Gram-staining technique. (6 points)
    1. What is the color of your Gram negative bacterium after the staining procedure is complete?
    2. What is the color of your Gram positive bacterium after the staining procedure is complete?
11. What is the name for the staining procedure seen below? Note: be specific. (4 points)

1. Why should Gram stain not be used to stain acid-fast organisms? (5 points)
2. List two acid-fast organisms and the respective diseases they cause. (4 points)
3. What is the morphology (shape) of the following bacteria? (5 points)

1. Name five common arrangements of cocci. (5 points)
2. Name two common arrangements of bacilli. (3 points)
3. Name three common arrangements of spirilla. (3 points)
4. Identify the morphology (shape), arrangement, and Gram stain reaction of the following organism. (6 points)

1. Morphology
2. Arrangement
3. Gram reaction

1. Identify the morphology (shape), arrangement, and Gram stain reaction of the following organism. (6 points)

1. Morphology
2. Arrangement
3. Gram reaction

1. (Application) How might the information gained from this lab pertaining to microbiology be useful to you in your everyday life or to a healthcare professional? (20 points)

Key components of critical thinking and application include the following:

1. Demonstrates application and comprehension of the scientific principles.
2. Displays competence in applying scientific knowledge to your personal or professional life.
3. Relevant content is supported by facts, data, and detailed examples.
4. The application paragraph is organized and structured.

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